1) RESISTOR
The electrical resistance in a conductor is denoted using the R and identified using the formula:
R = V / I
Where :
R = Resistivity in ohms
V = Voltage in Volts
I = current in Amperes
Prisoners are components designed to have a specific detainees and referred also to the resistor. Resistors are categorized into 2, namely:
Linear resistors: resistor that works according to the same use ohms law
Non-linear resistor: where turnover value because of the sensitivity of certain
a. Fotoresistor: sensitive to light
b. Thermistor: sensitive to heat
c. Resistor dependent on the power supply voltage
2) COMPONENTS CAPACITORS
These components are often used because it has several benefits. At its core is a component of the storage capacitor electric charge which is formed from two surface-related but separated by an insulator. When electrons separated from one plate to another plate there will be a charge between 2nd medium baffle plate earlier. This charge Rand abkan by the positive charge on the plate that lost an electron and a negative charge on the plate that hath electrons. If among all 2 plates given voltage of 1 volt capacitor can put an electric charge of 1 coulomb, then the ability of that is 1 farad capacitor. Then the magnitude of the capacitance can be calculated using the formula:
Capacitance C = (Payload Q / Voltage V)
3) Inductor
Basic form of an inductor is a wire that is wrapped so a coil.
if there is current flowing in the inductor, the magnetic field will be formed, when the current was switched then the magnetic field will move on as well. When the flow increases, the magnetic field will increase. Substitution of this magnetic field will induce a voltage in the coil. This sort of thing takes place because of the character in question use self induction or often referred to using the inductance.
induktasi that size (the size of) the power of an inductor to turn one for the induced voltage resulting from the turn of the current flowing in the inductor. Inductors can put the power in the magnetic field generated by currents. Inductors are made in a variety of form and size (size). Inductors can put the power in the magnetic field generated by currents. Great power is expressed using the formula:
W = ½. L. I2
where: W = power in Joules
L = inductance in Henry
I = current in Amperes
4) DIODE
Modern diode made of semiconductor material. Initially made of germanium diode is made easier because this material is used to purify the basic material when compared to using silicon, but the whole apparatus germanium has shortcomings that will be damaged if the temperature rises. After purification of silicon grabbed an dibutuhk level, silicon equipment began to appear. Semiconductor market is currently dominated by silicon truly.
Diode is a material using two terminals and is formed of two types of semiconductors (silicon n-type and p-type silicon) are connected. This material can be energized with a relatively easy manner in one direction. Diode made in a variety of form and size (size) and very helpful. In the diode-like emblem anah arrows that show the direction of flow of electric current.
5) The transformer or transformers are often also referred to the passive electronic component that acts to change (increase / decrease) tegangangan electric alternating (AC). Transformer basic form of a pair of ends in the primary section and a pair of ends in the secondary section. The primary side and the secondary coil wire that is e-mail that is not associated with electrical means. 2nd winding wire is wound on a core named transformer core. For transformers used in low frequency AC voltage transformer core is generally made of iron lempengan2 arranged so one makes iron patio. Medium to high frequency transformer (used in rangkaian2 Radio Frequency / RF) uses a ferrite core (iron powder compacted).
The amount of electric current that can be supplied by a transformer generally also listed eg 0. 5 Amp, 1 Amp, 5 Amp etc. Match use when purchasing purposes or in order to contribute to normal wear and effective.
6) Relay is a component (circuit) in the form of electronic electronics as well as simple and composed by the switch, coil, as well as iron shaft. The use of this relay in a device-device electronics is very much. Especially in devices in the form of electronic or automated. For example in Tv, Radio, automatic lights and so on.
These components work step begins when the flow of electric current through the coil, then make the surrounding magnetic field to be able to change the switch position the relay is in the charter, to produce electric current increases. This is where the virtue of this simple component that is used has a shape that can bear minimum flow increases.
Use of the relay in the device-electronic devices have the advantage;
Can control their own current and voltage are in dreams.
Can optimize the magnitude of the voltage to reach its limits.
Can use either a switch or coil becoming more one, according to use requirements
7) The transducer comes from the word "traducere" in Latin meaningful change. Until transducers can be defined for a single device that can change one power to another form of power. The input side of the transducer is "censorship", because this side can sense the physical amount of a specific one and turn it into another form of power.
Of activation, the transducer can be divided into two, namely:
a. passive transducer
the transducer can work if obtain additional power from outside. Example: thermistor. To change the heat power so that the electric power voltage, the thermistor must be electrified. When obstacles thermistor switch because of the impact of heat, the electric voltage from a thermistor also switched.
b. active transducer
the transducer works no addition of power from the outside, but it uses the power that will be revamped itself. For example: thermocouple. When received heat, thermocouples immediately produce electric voltage requires no external power.
8) The comparator is a circuit which will collate the inputs used to produce the output specific recommendations in the form of two values (high and low). One comparator has two inputs that are divided in voltage (V reference) as well as the input voltage (V input) and the output voltage (V output).
Comparator generally wear Op-Amp to the main device in the circuit. Vrefdi connect to the + V supply, then R1 and R2 are used for voltage divider, until the recommended voltage value at the input op-amp is equal to:
V = R1 / (R1 + R2)
9) units of thumb often used in the measurement of electrical quantities -pengukuran namely:
Electrical currents (I) = Ampere (A)
Voltage (V) = Volts (V)
Resistance (R) = Ohm (W)
Semu Power (S) = voltamperes (VA)
Real Power (P) = Watt (W)
Reactive Power (Q) = volt amperes reactive (VAR)
Inductance (L) = Henry (H)
Capacitance (C) = Farad (F)
Electrostatic Discharge (Q) = Coulomb (C)
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